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Cancer (Basel). November 14, 2021; 13(22): 5696. doi: 10.3390/cancers13225696.

This review introduces high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and reviews its history and current applications in urological surgery. The Pub Med and Cochrane search engines were used to review current and historical literature (1927-2020), including literature describing trials and review articles in the medical and ultrasound literature. HIFU is currently one of the many treatment methods for prostate cancer. It can be used as a reproducible main treatment method or as a salvage treatment after radiotherapy. Despite some success in early clinical trials, HIFU is not mature enough to become the standard treatment for kidney cancer or other urinary system diseases. With the advancement of technology, this situation is likely to change. HIFU is understood as a concept for a century, and half of it is used for experimental purposes. It is now the accepted treatment for low incidence of many diseases outside the scope of this review. In urological surgery, prostate HIFU is accepted as a local treatment for specific cases, and its side effects may be less than other local treatments. The current treatment of kidney cancer is hindered by the perineal fat and the kidney located behind the ribs; however, with the advancement of image fusion technology, faster treatment, and the ability of phased array transducers and motion compensation to overcome ribs and breathing problems, the kidneys Successful treatment of tumors will become a reality. In due course, there will be a new generation of machines for the treatment of prostate cancer. These devices will further reduce the side effects of radical treatment of prostate cancer.